1. Research done chiefly to make a contribution to existing knowledge
is called _______.
A.
|
basic business research
|
B.
|
qualitative business research
|
C.
|
quantitative business research
|
D.
|
applied business research
|
2. ‘Rigor’ related to
scientific investigation refers, amongst others, to:
A. the probability that our
estimations are correct.
B. the idea that a simple
model that explains a certain phenomenon has preference over a complex model.
C. the fact that findings
are generalizable.
D. the fact that a study has
a good theoretical base.
3. Parsimony refers to:
A. the probability that our
estimations are correct.
B. the idea that a simple
model explaining a certain phenomenon is preferred to a complex model.
C. the fact that findings
are generalizable.
D. the fact that an
investigation has a clear theoretical base.
4. Which of the following
is a hierarchical listing of the hypothetico-deductive research method?
A. Identify a broad problem
area - Define the problem statement - Develop hypotheses - Determine measures - Data collection - Data analysis -
Interpretation of data
B. Identify a broad problem
area - Define the problem statement - Determine measures - Data collection -
Develop hypotheses - Data analysis - Interpretation of data
C. Define the problem
statement - Identify a broad problem area - Determine measures - Develop
hypotheses - Data collection - Data analysis - Interpretation of data
D. Identify a broad problem
area - Develop hypotheses - Determine measures - Data collection - Data analysis - Interpretation of
data
5. What type of research
is being conducted to answer the question:
"What is the average age of our employees?"
A.
|
exploratory research
|
B.
|
focus group research
|
C.
|
descriptive research
|
D.
|
causal research
|
6. From an academic perspective research is relevant if:
A. Nothing is known about a
topic.
B. Much is known about the
topic, but the knowledge is scattered and not integrated.
C. Much research on the
topic is available, but the results are (partly) contradictory.
D. All of the above.
7. Which of the following
does not represent a criterion for assessing the value of articles or books?
A. The relevance of
the issues that are addressed in the article or book.
B. The importance of
a book or article in terms of citations.
C. The year of
publication of the article or book.
D. The number of
authors of the article or book.
8. The ________________ is
the variable of primary interest to the researcher.
A. Independent variable.
B. Intervening variable.
C. Moderating variable.
D. Dependent variable.
9. A ____________ has a strong contingent effect on the independent variable–dependent
variable relationship.
A. Mediating variable.
B. Intervening variable.
C. Moderating variable.
D. Confounding variable.
10. A marketing manager believes that sales
promotion has a positive effect on sales. Although he believes that this relationship holds true generally for all
consumers he also believes that it
is nevertheless contingent on the price consciousness of consumers.
What
would be the dependent variable here?
A.
Profits.
B.
Sales
promotion.
C.
Price
consciousness.
D.
Sales.
11. A ______________ is one
that surfaces between the time the independent variables start operating to
influence the dependent variable and the time their impact is felt on it.
A. Mediating variable.
B. Extraneous variable.
C. Moderating variable.
D. Confounding variable.
12. What is the moderating
variable in the following model?
A.
Workforce diversity.
B.
Creative Synergy.
C.
Organizational effectiveness.
D.
None of the above.
13. Which of the following is
most suitable when there is little to no insight in a certain problem or when there is no information available on
how similar problems or research issues have been
solved in the past?
A.
Exploratory
research.
B.
Descriptive
research.
C.
Causal
research.
D.
Experimental
research.
14. Studies, when data on the
dependent variable are gathered at two or more points in time to answer the research question, are called:
A.
Cross-sectional
studies.
B.
Longitudinal
studies.
C.
Exploratory
studies.
D.
Case
studies.
15. Which of the following
studies is a causal study? The
researcher tries to find out:
A.
What
percentage of the population thinks commercials are annoying compared to 10
years ago.
B.
Why
unemployment in Europe is higher than in Asia.
C.
If
smoking is related to cancer.
D.
All
the above answers are correct.
16. The goal of a _____________ study, hence, is to offer to the researcher a
profile of the phenomena of interest from an individual, organizational,
industry-oriented, or other perspective.
A.
Exploratory.
B.
Descriptive.
C.
Causal.
D.
Experimental.
17. Objects include:
A.
Persons,
strategic business units, and companies.
B.
Countries,
cars, and arousal seeking tendency.
C.
Elephants,
kitchen appliances, and shopping enjoyment.
D.
Restaurants,
shampoo, and service quality.
18. Examples of characteristics of objects are:
A. Length, weight, and country.
B. Arousal seeking tendency,
strategic business unit, and shopping enjoyment.
C.
Service quality, conditioning effects, and taste.
D.
Restaurants,
shampoo, and service quality.
19. You cannot measure
objects; you measure _____________ of
objects.
A.
Elements.
B.
Dimensions.
C.
Antecedents.
D.
Attributes.
20. Operationalizing is:
A.
Designing
questionnaires.
B.
Translating
a problem definition into a research question.
C.
Making
an abstract concept measurable.
D.
Defining
difficult concepts in the research proposal.
21. A father measures the
length of his son.
Which of the following
statements is correct?
A.
The
son is the object; the length is the attribute.
B.
The
father is the object; the length is the attribute.
C.
The
son is the object; the tape measure is the attribute.
D.
Length
is the object; the tape measure is the attribute.
22. What is the type of scale
of the variable ‘age’ if it is measured in the following way?
“What is your age? ____
years.”
A.
Nominal.
B.
Ordinal.
C.
Interval.
D.
Ratio.
23. What is the measurement
level of income, measured in the following way:
“What is your annual gross income?”
< €15.000
€20.000 - €30.000
€30.000 - €45.000
> € 45.000
A.
Nominal.
B.
Ordinal.
C.
Interval.
D.
Ratio.
24. What is the most powerful
scale?
A.
A
nominal scale.
B.
An
ordinal scale.
C.
An
interval scale.
D.
A
ratio scale.
25. With which allows us to
calculate a mode and a median, but not
a mean?
A.
A
nominal scale.
B.
An
ordinal scale.
C.
An
interval scale.
D.
A
ratio scale.
26. Julia stands on a pair of
scales three times in a row. The first time she weighs 69 kilo, the second time
69 kilo, and the third time 69 kilo. Her real weight is 51 kilo. What is the
matter with the scales?
A.
The
pair of scales is not reliable and not valid.
B.
The
pair of scales is reliable but is not valid.
C.
The
pair of scales is not reliable but is valid.
D.
The
pair of scales is reliable and valid.
27. About a scale (set of
questions) it can be said that it is if it measures what it purports to measure.
A.
Reliable.
B.
Accurate.
C.
Valid.
D.
Consistent.
28. In what way can content
validity of a scale be determined?
A.
A
panel of experts judges a measuring instrument.
B.
When the score
obtained by measuring a variable is empirically found to correlate with a related
variable.
C.
When
the score obtained by measuring a variable is empirically found not to
correlate with an unrelated variable.
D.
All
of the above.
29. How do we call the
following scale type?
“Where in northern California do
you reside?
__ North Bay
__ South Bay
__ East Bay
__ Peninsula
__ Other“
A.
A
category scale.
B.
A
forced choice scale.
C.
A
multidimensional scale.
D.
A
itemized rating scale.
30. Robert stands three times
on a pair of scales within a period of 5 minutes. The first time he weighs 92 kg, the second time he weighs 102
kg and the third time he weighs 95 kg. His real weight is 86 kg. What is the
matter with the scales?
A.
The
pair of scales is not reliable and not valid.
B.
The
pair of scales is reliable but is not valid.
C.
The
pair of scales is not reliable but is valid.
D.
The
pair of scales is reliable and valid.
31. What is not an advantage of observation
as a research method?
A.
The
obtained data are generally reliable and free of respondent bias.
B.
It
is relatively easy to note the effects of environmental influences on specific
outcomes.
C.
It
is easy to observe certain groups or individuals from whom it may be otherwise
difficult to obtain information.
D.
It
is a cheap and fast way to collect information.
32. “Do you think there is a
good market for the product and that it will sell well?”
This question is:
A.
Leading.
B.
Loaded.
C.
Double-barreled.
D.
Ambiguous.
33. “To what extent would you
say you are happy?”
A.
Leading.
B.
Loaded.
C.
Double-barreled.
D.
Ambiguous.
34. __________ refers to the
entire group of people, events, or things of interest that the researcher
wishes to investigate.
A.
Population.
B.
Sampling
frame.
C.
Sample.
D.
Sampling
unit.
35. The element or set of
elements that is available for selection in some stage of the sampling process is the:
A.
Sample.
B.
Sampling
unit.
C.
Sampling
frame.
D.
Subject.
36. A researcher who
investigates the relationship between the loyalty program of a specific
supermarket and the loyalty towards this supermarket, collects his data by
questioning consumers who leave the specific supermarket on several daily
periods. The sampling method used by this researcher is called:
A.
Convenience
sampling.
B.
Simple
random sampling.
C.
Stratified
sampling.
D.
Quota
sampling.
37. If representativeness of
the sample is critical for the study, which of the following sampling techniques would you choose?
A.
Simple
random sampling.
B.
Judgement
sampling.
C. Convenience sampling.
D. Quota sampling .
38. The most important disadvantage of a convenience sample is that:
A.
It
takes a lot of time and effort to find respondents.
B.
The
research results cannot be generalized to the population.
C.
Systematic
biases are possible.
D.
It
is relatively expensive.
39. The type of probability
and non-probability sampling designs that is chosen depends on:
A.
The
extent of generalizability desired.
B.
The
demands of time and other resources.
C.
The
purpose of the study.
D.
All
of the above.
40. Which of the following
sampling designs is a form of non-probability sampling?
A.
Systematic
sampling.
B.
Area
sampling.
C.
Quota
sampling.
D.
Cluster
sampling.
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